Ho thata ho tseba mefuta ea lidae ka masela ka mahlo 'me e tlameha ho khethoa ka nepo ka mekhoa ea lik'hemik'hale.Mokhoa oa rona o akaretsang oa hajoale ke ho itšetleha ka mefuta ea lidae tse fanoeng ke feme kapa mokopi oa tlhahlobo, hammoho le boiphihlelo ba bahlahlobi le kutloisiso ea bona ea feme ea tlhahiso.ho ahlola.Haeba re sa khetholle mofuta oa dae esale pele, ho ka etsahala hore lihlahisoa tse sa tšoaneleheng li tla ahloloa e le lihlahisoa tse tšoanelehang, tseo ntle ho pelaelo li tla ba le bofokoli bo boholo.Ho na le mekhoa e mengata ea lik'hemik'hale ea ho khetholla lidae, 'me mekhoa e akaretsang e rarahane, e ja nako ebile e hloka mosebetsi o boima.Ka hona, sengoloa sena se hlahisa mokhoa o bonolo oa ho khetholla mefuta ea lidae ho likhoele tsa cellulose masela a hatisitsoeng le a dailoeng.
molao-motheo
Etsa qeto ea melao-motheo ea mekhoa e bonolo ea ho khetholla
Ho ea ka molao-motheo oa ho daea masela, mefuta ea dae e sebelisoang hangata bakeng sa metsoako e tloaelehileng ea masela ke e latelang:
Acrylic fiber-cationic dae
Lidae tsa nylon le liprotheine tsa acid
Polyester le likhoele tse ling tsa lik'hemik'hale - li hasa lidae
Li-cellulosic fibers - tse tobileng, tse vulcanized, tse sebetsang hantle, tsa vat, naftol, litlolo le lidae tsa phthalocyanine
Bakeng sa masela a kopantsoeng kapa a kopantsoeng, mefuta ea dae e sebelisoa ho latela likarolo tsa eona.Ka mohlala, bakeng sa motsoako oa polyester le k'hothone, karolo ea polyester e entsoe ka li-dyes tse qhalakaneng, ha karolo ea k'hothone e etsoa ka mefuta e lumellanang le dae e boletsoeng ka holimo, e kang disperse / cotton blends.Ts'ebetso, ts'ebetso ea ho hasana / phokotso, joalo-joalo Ho kenyeletsoa masela le lisebelisoa tsa liaparo joalo ka liropo le tepo.
Mokhoa
1. Sampling le pele ho sebetsa
Mehato ea bohlokoa ea ho khetholla mofuta oa dae ho likhoele tsa cellulose ke lisampole le mohlala oa tlhahlobo ea pele.Ha u nka sampuli, likarolo tsa dae e tšoanang li lokela ho nkoa.Haeba mohlala o na le lithane tse 'maloa,' mala o mong le o mong o lokela ho nkoa.Haeba ho hlokahala boitsebiso ba fiber, mofuta oa fiber o lokela ho netefatsoa ho latela maemo a FZ/TO1057.Haeba ho na le litšila, mafura le slurry sampuling e tla ama teko, e tlameha ho phekoloa ka sesepa ka metsi a chesang a 60-70 ° C ka metsotso e 15, e hlatsuoe, 'me e omisitsoe.Haeba sampuli e tsejoa e le resin-finished, sebelisa mekhoa e latelang.
1) Tšoara resin ea uric acid ka 1% hydrochloric acid ho 70-80 ° C ka metsotso e 15, hlatsoa 'me u omelle.
2) Bakeng sa resin ea acrylic, sampole e ka fetisoa ka makhetlo a 50-100 bakeng sa lihora tse 2-3, ebe e hlatsoa le ho omisoa.
3) Resin ea silicone e ka phekoloa ka sesepa sa 5g / L le 5g / L sodium carbonate 90cI ka metsotso e 15, e hlatsuoa le ho omisoa.
2. Mokhoa oa ho khetholla li-dae tse tobileng
Belisa sampole ka 5 ho isa ho 10 ml ea motsoako o nang le metsi a nang le 1 mL ea metsi a ammonia a kopaneng ho ntša dae ka botlalo.
Ntša sampole e ntšitsoeng, kenya 10-30mg ea lesela le lesoeu la k'hothone le 5-50mg ea sodium chloride ka har'a tharollo ea mothapo, pheha bakeng sa 40-80s, tlohela ho pholile ebe o hlatsoa ka metsi.Haeba lesela le lesoeu la k'hothone le dauoa hoo e batlang e le 'mala o tšoanang le oa sampole, ho ka fihleloa qeto ea hore dae e sebelisetsoang ho daea sampole ke dae e tobileng.
3. Mokhoa oa ho khetholla lidae tsa sebabole
Beha sampole ea 100-300mg ka har'a tube ea teko ea 35mL, eketsa metsi a 2-3mL, 1-2mL 10% sodium carbonate solution le 200-400mg sodium sulfide, futhumatsa 'me u belise metsotso e 1-2, ntša lesela le lesoeu la 25-50mg le 10-20mg sampole ea sodium chloride ka har'a tube ea teko.Pheha metsotso e 1-2.E ntše 'me u e behe holim'a pampiri ea sefa ho e lumella hore e be oxidize hape.Haeba leseli la 'mala le hlahang le tšoana le' mala oa pele 'me le fapane feela ka moriti, le ka nkoa e le dae ea sulfide kapa sulfide vat.
4. Mokhoa oa ho khetholla lidae tsa vat
Beha sampole ea 100-300mg ka har'a tube ea liteko ea 35mL, eketsa metsi a 2-3mL le 0.5-1mL 10% ea tharollo ea sodium hydroxide, mocheso le pheha, ebe u eketsa phofo ea inshorense ea 10-20mg, pheha bakeng sa 0.5-1min, ntša sampole ebe u e beha. 25-10% ea tharollo ea sodium hydroxide.50mg lesela le lesoeu la k'hothone le 0-20mg sodium chloride, tsoela pele ho pheha bakeng sa 40-80s, ebe o pholile ho mocheso oa kamore.Ntša lesela la k'hothone 'me u le behe holim'a pampiri ea sefa bakeng sa oxidation.Haeba 'mala ka mor'a oxidation o tšoana le' mala oa pele, o bontša boteng ba dae ea vat.
5. Mokhoa oa ho khetholla dae ea Naftol
Beha sampole ka makhetlo a 100 ho feta 1% ea tharollo ea hydrochloric acid metsotso e 3.Kamora ho hlatsuoa ka metsi ka botlalo, e belise ka 5-10 ml ea 1% ea metsi a ammonia metsotso e 2.Haeba dae e sa khone ho ntšoa kapa palo ea ho ntšoa e nyane haholo, joale e e phekole ka sodium hydroxide le sodium dithionite.Ka mor'a ho fifala kapa ho fetoha, 'mala oa pele o ke ke oa tsosolosoa le haeba o na le oxidized moeeng,' me boteng ba tšepe bo ke ke ba tiisoa.Ka nako ena, liteko tse 2 tse latelang li ka etsoa.Haeba dae e ka ntšoa ka 1) tekong, le ho 2) Tekong, haeba lesela le lesoeu la k'hothone le dailoeng ka mosehla 'me le ntša leseli la fluorescent, ho ka fihleloa qeto ea hore dae e sebelisitsoeng sampuling ke dae ea Naftol.
1) Kenya sampuli ka har'a tube ea teko, eketsa 5mL ea pyridine 'me ue phehe ho bona hore na dae e ntšoa.
2) Beha sampole ka har'a tube ea teko, eketsa 2 mL ea 10% sodium hydroxide solution le 5 mL ea ethanol, eketsa 5 mL ea metsi le sodium dithionite ka mor'a ho belisoa, 'me u belise ho fokotsa.Ka mor'a ho pholile, sefa, kenya lesela le lesoeu la k'hothone le 20-30 mg sodium chloride ka har'a filtrate, pheha metsotso e 1-2, tlohela ho pholile, ntša lesela la k'hothone, 'me u shebe hore na lesela la k'hothone lea khanya ha le khantšitsoe ke khanya ea ultraviolet.
6. Mokhoa oa ho khetholla lidae tse sebetsang
Tšobotsi ea li-dae tse sebetsang hantle ke hore li na le lik'hemik'hale tse tsitsitseng tse batlang li tsitsitse ka likhoele 'me li thata ho qhibiliha metsing le lihlapolli.Hajoale, ha ho na mokhoa o hlakileng oa tlhahlobo o hlakileng.Teko ea mebala e ka etsoa pele, ho sebelisoa 1: 1 tharollo ea metsi ea dimethylmethylamine le 100% dimethylformamide ho mebala sampuli.Dae e se nang mebala ke dae e sebetsang.Bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa liaparo tse kang mabanta a k'hothone, li-dyes tse sebetsang hantle tsa tikoloho li sebelisoa haholo.
7. Mokhoa oa ho khetholla pente
Liaparo, tse tsejoang hape e le li-pigments, ha li na kamano ea likhoele 'me li hloka ho ts'oaroa holim'a likhoele ka sekhomaretsi (hangata ke sekhomaretsi sa resin).Microscopy e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo.Pele tlosa li-agent tsa ho qetela tsa starch kapa resin tse ka 'nang tsa e-ba teng sampuling ho li thibela ho kena-kenana le ho khetholla dae.Kenya lerotholi le le leng la ethyl salicylate ho fiber e tšoaroang ka holimo, e koahele ka sekoahelo sa sekoahelo 'me u e shebe tlas'a microscope.Haeba bokaholimo ba fiber bo bonahala bo le granular, bo ka tsejoa e le pigment e kopantsoeng le resin (pente).
8. Mokhoa oa ho khetholla lidae tsa phthalocyanine
Ha asiti ea nitric e teteaneng e theohile sampuling, dae e tala e khanyang ke phthalocyanine.Ho phaella moo, haeba sampuli e chesoa ka lelakabe 'me e fetoha e tala ka ho hlakileng, e ka boela ea pakoa hore ke dae ea phthalocyanine.
ha re phethela
Mokhoa o ka holimo oa ho tsebahatsa ka potlako ke oa ho tsebahatsa mefuta ea dae ka potlako likhoeleng tsa cellulose.Ka mehato ea boitsebahatso e kaholimo:
Ea pele, e ka qoba bofofu bo bakoang ke ho itšetleha feela ka mofuta oa dae o fanoeng ke mokopi le ho tiisa ho nepahala ha kahlolo ea tlhahlobo;
Taba ea bobeli, ka mokhoa ona o bonolo oa netefatso e lebisitsoeng, mekhoa e mengata e sa hlokahaleng ea tlhahlobo ea boitsebahatso e ka fokotsoa.
Nako ea poso: Nov-29-2023